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Passive Voice
In passive sentences, the subject receives the action of the verb. In active sentences, the subject
does the action. However, the meaning of both sentences is the same. The passive voice in Spanish
is formed with a tense of ser and a past participle.
Ser should be in the same tense as the verb in its
corresponding active sentence. The agent is expressed by por if the action is physical; and by de if
mental. The past participle agrees in gender and number with the subject. If you use estar instead of
ser, the past participle is called the predicate adjective and it is not a passive sentence.
| Active Passive Predicate Adjective |
El viento destrue la casa. La casa fue destruida por el viento. Cuando la vi, la casa estaba destruida. |
The wind destroys the house. The house was destroyed by the wind. When I saw it, the house was destroyed. |
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