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To Be and To Have: SER and ESTAR
| ser - to be soy somos eres sois es son |
estar - to be estoy estamos estás estáis está están |
tener - to have tengo tenemos tienes tenéis tiene tienen |
Ser is used to indentify or describe. It tells what something is, its basic characteristics, or its
origin. Estar is used to tell the location of something or how someone feels.
Uses of SER
| Identify person/object Inherent characteristics Nationality/Occupation Telling time Express ownership Impersonal expressions Passive voice |
El edificio es un templo. La casa es grande. Carlos es pobre. Es carpintero. Son las tres. Los libros son de Juan. Es necesario. El telefono fue inventado por Bell. |
The building is a temple. The house is large. Charles is poor. He is a carpenter. It's three o'clock. The books are John's. It is necessary. The telephone was invented by Bell. |
Uses of ESTAR
| Location/position Temporary condition/state State of health Form progressive tense |
El libro está en la mesa. La ventana está abierta. Juan está enfermo. Miguel está estudiando. |
The book is on the table. The window is open. John is sick. Michael is studying. |
Common Expressions
| to be afraid to be against to be at fault to be careful to be cold to be curious to be happy to be hot to be hungry to be in a hurry to be jealous to be lucky to be patient to be successful to be thirsty to be tired |
tener miedo estar en contra tener la culpa tener cuidado tener frío ser curioso (a) estar contento (a) tener calor tener hambre prisa, estar de prisa tener celos tener suerte tener paciencia - tener éxito tener sed estar cansado (a) |
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